Eczema
Eczema
outbreaks can usually be avoided with
some simple precautions. The following
suggestions may help to reduce the severity
and frequency of flare-ups:
Moisturize
frequently
Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity
Avoid sweating or overheating
Reduce stress
Avoid scratchy materials (e.g., wool or
other irritants)
Avoid harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents
Avoid environmental factors that trigger
allergies (e.g., pollens, molds, mites,
and animal dander)
Be aware of any foods that may cause an
outbreak and avoid those foods
How can eczema be treated?
One
of the most important components of an
eczema treatment routine is to prevent
scratching. Because eczema is usually
dry and itchy, the most common treatment
is the application of lotions or creams
to keep the skin as moist as possible.
These treatments are generally most effective
when applied directly after bathing (within
three minutes is a common recommendation)
so that the moisture from the bath is
"locked in." Cold compresses
applied directly to itchy skin can also
help relieve itching. If the condition
persists, worsens, or does not improve
satisfactorily, another effective treatment
is the application of nonprescription
corticosteroid creams and ointments to
reduce inflammation.
Alternatives
to nonprescription corticosteroids include
more potent prescription corticosteroid
creams and ointments, which are effective,
but which may have some side effects.
To prevent side effects such as skin thinning,
your doctor may limit the length of treatment
time and locations where you can apply
treatment. For severe flare-ups, your
doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids,
but be aware that side effects including
new flare-ups can develop when treatment
is discontinued (this treatment is not
recommended for long-term use).
Skin
affected by eczema may frequently become
infected. If this happens to you, your
doctor may prescribe topical or oral antibiotics
to kill the bacteria causing the infection.
